Telegraphy.



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F. W. JONES.

'TBLEGRAPH APPLIUATION FILED Nov.1s, 1903.

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INVENTOR WITNESSES: 59%.?. @MAW d@ f/ ATTORNEY UNITED STATES Patented August 2, 1904.

PATENT OEEICE.

FRANCIS WV. JONES, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO POSTAL TELE- GRAPH-CABLE COMPANY, OF NEIV YORK, N. Y.,

N EV YORK.

A CORPORATION OF TELEGRAPHY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 766,189, dated August 2, 1904.

Application led November 13. 1903. Serial No. 180,979. (No model.)

To (ol whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANCIS W. JONES, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York city, in the county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Telegraphy, of which the following is a specification.

This invention is an improvement in Morse signaling-that is, signaling by means of a IO code or alphabet composed of dots or dashes, or both, and recording the same manually in the ordinary script or by using a typewriter.

The object of this invention is to make use 1 5 of the skill, intelligence, and experience of the Morse operator in transmitting and recording, (such operators having a mental and manual dexterity or speed of something' less than forty words per minute) while economizing the 2o time of use of the line by employing' an automatic double current or machine transmitter operating at a speed of about three thousand words per minute.

In this improvement a skilled Morse oper- 2 5 ator is employed to transmit with a Morse key,

and his work is recorded, stored, 01' accumulated in the form of a prepared paper strip. A double-current machine transmitter at one line-terminal and a polarized recorder at the 3o other line-terminal, respectively, transmit and reproduce this strip. At the receiving' end of the line the received strip is passed through a local circuit operating an ordinary Morse sounder at reduced speed, a speed within the.

3 5 mental and manual capacity of a skilled Morse operator, who records it with a pen or typewriter in the ordinary well-known manner. By this method of operation and arrangement y of apparatus the message is transmitted by 40 the use of an ordinary Morse key at, say, thirty words per minute, passed over the line by positive and negative currents at the rate of about three thousand words per minute, and recorded at the receiving end by a skilled Morse operator at the rate of, say, thirty words per minute, ready for immediate delivery.

The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention.

Figure l represents the transmitting-station. Fig. 2 represents the receiving-station. Fig. 3 shows the perforated tape employed and the arrangement of dots fortwo specimen letters of the alphabet. Fig. 4 is an elevation of the escapement, including the magnet, ratchet, and pawl.

lis the main line connecting two distant stations.

In Fig'. 1, w is the ordinary and well known form of Vheatstone transmitter controlled by tape t. There is a feed-wheel 50 cooperating with spur-wheel 51, which is motor driven. The two prickers 52 53 are arranged side by side in the same transverse plane. They are reciprocated vertically and simultaneously by motor-driven shaft 45 and crank 46. Pricker 53 is located on the horizontal arm pivoted at 59. An arm 57 carries horizontal rod 58. The three-armed lever 54. is pivoted at 55 and carries pricker 52. Rod 43 is connected to 70 lever 54. Lever 60 is pivoted at point 61 and reciprocates between contact-stops L6 and 47, respectively connected to grounded batteries 62 and 63.

56 is a spring connecting three-armed lever 75 5d with lever 57.

The extent of vertical movement of prickers 52 and 53 is controlled by tape z5, having a central row of feed-holes and rows of perforations :z: and y. Then pricker 52 passes 8O through a perforation of the row m, it makes an extended movement. The rod 4.8 is allowed to strike the lever 60, carrying it into engagement with contact 17. Vhen pricker 53 enters a perforation in the row y, it makes 85 the same extended movement, and lrod 58 engages the opposite end of pivoted lever 60.

In this way the batteries 62 and 63 are alternately connected to line l. This is the ordinary and well-known arrangement of WVheatstone 'transmitter` modified by the location of prickers 52 53 in the same transverse plane, and by reference to Fig. 3 the modification of the tape t0 correspond with this arrangement of transmitter will be apparent. The tape 53 95 shows the letter A, composed of a dot and dash, and the letter 13, composed of a dash and three dots. This is like the regular continental Morse alphabet. The tape is supposed to move from right to left. lVhen this section of tape is passed through transmitter fw, Fig. 1, the first dot in row y allows pricker 53 to pass through it. Rod 58 strikes lever 60, which makes contact with stop 46, connecting positive battery 62 to line 1.l Imme-A diately following this, separated by the unitspace the length of -a dot, 4pricker52 passes.v through the first perforation of row This allows rod 48 to strike the upper end of lever 60, lever 60 is thrown into contact with contact-stop 47, and negative battery 63 is connected to line 1. That defines the beginning and end of a dot. Immediately succeeding this pricker 53 passes through the second dot of row y, battery 62 is connected to line and so remains for an interval three times as long as marked the beginning and end of the dot, then pricker 52 passes through the second hole in row w, battery 63 is connected to line 1, transmitting a negative current, thus mark- Y ing the termination of the dash, and the same land 41.

operation for transmitting dots and dashes vwith the proper space between letters is continued, each dot or dash being started with a positive impulse and terminated with a negative impulse, or the reverse. This tape is prepared by the use of the ordinary Morse key it, making and breaking a single-current local circuit, which in turn operates a branch or local circuit containing a perforating-machine. In this perforating-circuit short impulses are Amade toarbitrarily succeed each other and to operate one or the other of two punches at the beginning and end of a dot or a dash, as determined by the operation of the Morsev key. A

m is a constantly-operating electric motor. Any constant motor will do the work.

20 is a motor-driven shaft, connected by the .beveled gears 21 and 22 to the shaft 23.

28 and 29 are two circuit-breaking wheels, connected rigidly together and to a sectional shaft 34, on which'is fixed the ratchet-wheel 33, controlled by the double pawl 32 and magnet 35. Shaft 34 is connected to shaft 20 by any suitable form of friction-clutch, such as that consisting of two parts 26 27, respectively, fiXed to the shafts 20 and 34 and making frictional contact with each other.

There are two spring-retracted punches 40 Punch 40 is operated by the armature-lever 38, controlled by magnet 36. Punch 41 is operated by armature-lever 39, con-I trolled by magnet 37. The tape 2f is advanced j by the spur-wheel 45, frictionally connected` upon its shaft 23 and coupled to the shaft 23 by the toothed disks 24 and 25. This coupling is under control of pivoted lever 146, retracted by spring 148, and operated by magnet 147.

b is a battery common to the local circuits. The key is in branch 108 with 'magnet 10, conductor 109, magnet 35, and earth branch 110. There is an automatic switch 17, retracted by a spring 19 against contact-stop 18, connected to conductor 106. On the shaft 20 is a worm 16. A lever 12 on the universal joint 13 carries a point which travels in the groove of the worm 16. A spring 14 operates to retract the lever 12 in the opposite di-I rection from that in which it is carried by the rotation of the shaft 20 and worm 16. The free end of lever 12 engages switch-arm 17, and the operation of the shaft 20 tends to throw arm 17 out of engagement with contact 18. The circuit of paper-feed magnet147 is from battery I) via 104 38 42 102 43 39 103 17 18 106, magnet 147, and conductor 107 to earth; but the circuit of magnet 147 is normally open at switch-arm 17 and contact 18. Thev `circuit of magnet 36 extends from battery b via 112 113 36 114, contact 31, conducting-segment of wheel 29, to earth by conductors 111 110. The circuit of magnet 37 is via 112 115, magnet 37, 116 to contact 30, thence via a con- V ducting-segment of wheel 28 and to ground via 111 and 110. When keylcis closed, magnet 10 is energized and closes the circuit at the switch 17. Arm 12 is thrown up and is carried by spring 14 to its opposite extreme limit. Magnet 147 is energized, attracts its armature. The spur-wheel 45 is started intooperation to feed the paper tape as the clutch y24 25 is closed. The contacts 30 and 31 normally rest on non-conducting segments. When the magnet 35 operates the escapement, the wheels 28 and:29 advance one step. During this step a conducting-segment of either 28 or 29 passes under the contact, either 30 or 31, closing the branch circuit for a short interval. It results from this that the closure of the key 7c causes the magnet 35 to operate double pawl 32 and advance the segments of 28 and 29 one step, thus permitting a short impulse to pass through wheel 28, contact 30, v wire 116, magnet 37, wire 115, and 112. Armature-bar 39 is attracted and punch 41 operated. The breaking of circuit 108 by the Y release of key 7c allows the double pawl 32 to be retracted by its spring. The shaft 34 advances another step, and a conducting-segment of wheel 29 passes under the contact 31,

closing circuit via 114, magnet 36, conductors n 113 and 112, and battery 7). Magnet 36 attracts armature 38, and punch 40 is operated. It is to be noticed that when either armaturebar 38 or 39 is attracted the circuit of paperfeed magnet 147 is broken at either 42 or 43, and the clutch 24 25 is opened, so that the paper-feed stops during the act of punching. 'The depression of key h always produces an I advance step of the wheels 28 29, and the release of the key c-that is, its upward movement-produces in them another advance step.

Each advance step results in the closing of forated, as represented in Fig. 3.A

In this manner the tape is per- At the receiving-station the polarized relay r has its coils included in the line 1. The perforating apparatus is identical with that at the transmitting-station; but the relay repeating-points 120 and 121 are included in the circuit 108 in the place and stead of the key (represented at the transmitting-station,) and the operation of this relay-tongue 120 is an accurate reproduction of the movement of the Morse key c, just described. The tape t, perforated as described by the key f at the transmitting-station, passes through the Vheatstone transmitter zu, and the positive and negative currents thrown upon the line by the batteries 62 and 63 at the rate of, say, three thousand words per minute are reproduced upon the taper t at the receiving-station, Fig. 2, in exact duplicate. The Vheatstone transmitter WV at the receiving-station, Fig. 2, operates in a local circuit containing the polarized relay 0 and batteries of opposite polarity 90 91, respectively connected to the contact-stops 92 and 93. The vibratory lever of transmitter 1V is connected to the relay-coil by conductor 94, circuit passing through the coil of o, thence by wire 95 to earth or a return-circuit. The relay o operates the circuit of the Morse sounder q.V This local circuit consists of the local battery 97, coil of sounder g, conductor 98, contact-stop 99, tongue of the relay o, and conductor 96. iVheatstone transmitter WV is operated by a motor that is adjustablel as regards its speed of rotation, the object being to graduate the speed with which the transmitter WV operates in the local circuit to the speed of manual recording possessed by the operator. I have shown an electric motor n with separatelyexcited field-coils 80. The armature 81 is permanently connected to the supply-mains 83 and Set by conductors 82 and 85. The fieldcoil 8O is connected to the supply-mains 83 and 84 by conductors 86 and 87. In circuit with the field-coils is a rheostat 88 and a switch-arm 89, by which the amount of resistance included in the field-coil circuit is varied to vary "the speed of rotation of the armature 81.

The electromagnetic perforating apparatus, with circuits and connections of battery 71, are alike at the transmitting and receiving station; but at the receiving-station the repeating-points of the polarized relay are substituted for the contact-points of the Morse key.

ln the operation of the apparatus the operator takes the Morse key in his hand and -manipulates it to form the Morse alphabet, exactly as in the case of a simple Morse circuit. The perforations which determine the` dots and dashes are recorded in parallel rows on opposite edges of the' paper tape, a perforation in one row being followed by a perforation in the other row to determine the transmission of a dot or a dash by the extent of their separation, the first dot in one row operating to throw upon the line a current of one polarity, the succeeding dot in the other row operating to throw upon the line a current of opposite polarity. The Morse operator is able to perforate this paper at the rate of, say, thirty words per minute. The tape is then passed through iVheatstone transmitter fw.

Current impulses separated at intervals by change of polarity are thrown upon the line from batteries 62 and 62 The polarized relay fr at the receiving-station responds to these currents and, operating in its local circuit, reproduces a tape by means of the electromagnetic perforator, which is an exact facsimile of the transmitting-tape. The speed of this transmission on the main line may be as high as three thousand words per minute, a speed only attainable by alternating' currents. This tape 'rt is passed through W'heatstone transmitter WV, operating in the local circuit containing' the coils of polarized relay 0. Relay 0 operates a local circuit containing' a sounder q. The transmitter W' has its speed adjusted to whatever speed is within the capacity of the receiving operator. If he operatesatypewriter, he can record much faster than by the use of a pen. The motor-operating transmitter W' should be adjusted to the proper speed to bring the operation of the sounder' within the capacity of the operator in any given case.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is---- 1. The com bination of a main telegraph-line con necting two separated stations,a Morse key at one station, an electromagnetic circuit-controller at the second station, and means wherebythe movements of the key-lever at one station are reproduced by the circuit-controller at the other station, consisting of two /Vheatstone transmitters operated by perforatedstrips, one at each station; two electromagnetic perforators having suitable papel'- feeding devices with means for halting the strips during the act of perforating,', one at cach station; main-line circuit connections with the transmitter-points at the first station, a local circuit including the transm itter-points and an electromagnet at the other station and a relay in the main line controlling the perforator at the second station.

2. The combination of a main telegraph-line connecting two separated stations, a Wheatstone transmitter at each station, main-line connections with the transmitter-pom ts at one station, a local circuit including the transmitter repeating-points and an electromagnet at the second station. an electromagnetic tapeperforator with means for halting the strip during the act of perforating, at each station; a Morse key to determine the action of the pel-forator at one station, and a relay in the main line to determine the action of the perforator at the second station.

3. The combination of a Inain telegraph-line IOO IIO

connecting tWo separated stations, a Wheatstone transmitter at each station, main-line connections with the transmitter-points at one station, a local circuit including the transmitter repeating-points and an electromagnet at the second station, an electromagnetic tape-perforator at each station; means for controlling the action of the perforator at the transmitting-station and a main-line relay. to determine the action of the perforator at lIO the receiving-station.

FRANCIS W. JONES.

Witnesses: i v

JOSEPH J. CARDONA, THos. E. FLEMING. 

